{"id":67026,"date":"2023-05-31T12:00:23","date_gmt":"2023-05-31T10:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/?post_type=avada_portfolio&#038;p=67026"},"modified":"2023-08-15T16:38:35","modified_gmt":"2023-08-15T14:38:35","slug":"user-friendly-design-in-the-cip-room","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/services\/user-friendly-design-in-the-cip-room\/","title":{"rendered":"User-friendly design in the CIP room"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:center top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-color:rgba(96,125,139,0);--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/xellia-2-header-scaled.jpg&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" id=\"static-head-image-news\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-three-fifth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:60%;width:calc(60% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.6 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-two-fifth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-left:70px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:40%;width:calc(40% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.4 ) );\" id=\"share-box_float_right\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep share-box_float_right\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:11px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-bottom:0px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:200px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:45px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:#ffffff;--awb-border-top:0;--awb-border-right:0;--awb-border-bottom:0;--awb-border-left:0;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-margin-bottom:168px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one whiteText\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:60;line-height:1.3;\">User-friendly design in the CIP room<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:25%;width:calc(25% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.25 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half teaserfont\" style=\"--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-position:center bottom;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\" data-fontsize=\"30\" data-lineheight=\"43\">If a pharmaceutical factory were a human body, the CIP room would be its kidneys in which everything is rinsed and cleaned. Artelia has designed Xellia\u2019s CIP equipment with an emphasis on usability.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:25%;width:calc(25% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.25 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:100px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-two-third\" style=\"--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:66.666666666667%;width:calc(66.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.66666666666667 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>Cleaning of process equipment is a vital task in the production of medicine \u2013 a process in which hygiene and sterility are stalwarts. At Xellia Pharmaceuticals on Amager, Denmark, Artelia have designed six storage vessels meant for cleaning the equipment used in the medicinal production. All tanks are placed in the same room. That is no coincidence.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_6 1_6 fusion-one-sixth fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-bg-color:rgba(148,187,30,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(148,187,30,0);--awb-bg-size:cover;width:16.666666666667%;width:calc(16.666666666667% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.16666666666667 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:50px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:100px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-background-color:rgba(234,234,234,0);--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-three-fifth\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-color-hover:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-bg-position:center center;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:60%;width:calc(60% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.6 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-fa-align-center\"><i class=\"fb-icon-element-1 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-quote-left fas circle-no\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#00695f;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#00695f;--awb-circlecolor:#93ba1d;--awb-font-size:50px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><\/i><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>The primary purpose of placing all this equipment in one room is to make it easily manageable. Our focus throughout the process has been on the interior design of this room, which we call the CIP room, and on the utility ceiling above,<\/em><\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-person person fusion-person-center fusion-person-1 fusion-person-icon-top\" style=\"--awb-pic-style-color:#5f666f;--awb-pic-borderradius:50%;--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-margin-right:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-margin-left:0px;--awb-social-box-border-top:0px;--awb-social-box-border-right:0px;--awb-social-box-border-bottom:0px;--awb-social-box-border-left:0px;--awb-social-box-border-color:var(--awb-color3);--awb-social-box-border-color-hover:var(--awb-color4);--awb-social-box-colors-hover:rgba(232,232,232,0.8);--awb-social-icon-boxed-colors:#e8e8e8;--awb-social-icon-colors:#bebdbd;--awb-social-icon-colors-hover:rgba(190,189,189,0.8);\"><div class=\"person-shortcode-image-wrapper\"><div class=\"person-image-container hover-type-none person-rounded-overflow\" style=\"-webkit-border-radius:50%;-moz-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;border:0px solid #f5f5f5;-webkit-border-radius:50%;-moz-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"person-img img-responsive wp-image-66498\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/BJSE-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Bjarne S\u00e6rmark\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/BJSE-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/BJSE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"person-desc\"><div class=\"person-author\"><div class=\"person-author-wrapper\"><span class=\"person-name\">Bjarne S\u00e6rmark<\/span><span class=\"person-title\">Senior Specialist<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"person-content fusion-clearfix\">Mechanical &#8211; Pharma<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:50px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-9 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:100px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-10 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-three-fifth\" style=\"--awb-padding-right:20px;--awb-padding-left:20px;--awb-bg-size:cover;width:60%;width:calc(60% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.6 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p>CIP is short for Cleaning In Place, signifying the first phase of cleaning and sterilisation of all Xellia facility piping ahead of the SIP phase (Sterilisation In Place). It is a complex process. In the CIP phase, all piping is rinsed with DI water, free of ionised minerals, whereupon a nitric acid amalgamation is lead through the distribution piping system. Finally, the system is rinsed with WFI water to rinse the acid out. During the SIP phase, all machinery is sterilised with clean steam and heated to 130 degrees Celsius. Then nitrogen is pumped in to bring out any excess water. Only then, the machine is adequately clean and ready for the production of medicines. These are the processes which form the base of the CIP room design.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cOur layout is based on careful calculations of pump volume, the width of isolation, piping flow and, in general, our wide experience with this type of production facility. We have aimed for a layout which is user-friendly, even if the spatial conditions are somewhat restraining. Optimally, the CIP room would be five meters wider than now, but you have to work with what you\u2019ve got \u2013 and then apply common sense,\u201d<\/em> says Bjarne S\u00e6rmark.<\/p>\n<p>Due to the narrow space in the CIP room, two of the tanks \u2013 those meant for sewage \u2013 are placed in the basement while the remaining tanks are placed just above, containing treated water, nitric acid and WFI water meant for injections. On top of this come an extensive piping system, four heat exchanger controlling the overall facility temperature, as well as a tank in which condensate water from the piping is reused to the benefit of both the environment and project economy. This has been a clear objective for both Xellia and Artelia, as has the system usability.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-one-fifth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:20%;width:calc(20% - ( ( 4% + 4% ) * 0.2 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-11 has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:100px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If a pharmaceutical factory were a human body, the CIP room would be its kidneys in which everything is rinsed and cleaned. Artelia has designed Xellia\u2019s CIP equipment with an emphasis on usability.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":66501,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"portfolio_category":[],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[],"class_list":["post-67026","avada_portfolio","type-avada_portfolio","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/67026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/avada_portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67026"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/67026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67028,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/67026\/revisions\/67028"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"portfolio_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_category?post=67026"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_skills","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_skills?post=67026"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arteliagroup.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_tags?post=67026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}